Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing in the treatment of short stature in children with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH). Methods A total of 60 children with dwarfism admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Jingdezhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from March 2019 to March 2021 were divided into two groups according to random number table method, with 30 children in each group.Routine nursing was carried out in the control group and evidence-based nursing was carried out in the observation group.Both groups were followed up for 1 year.Insulin levels, adverse reactions and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The levels of insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in observation group after nursing were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with statistical significances (P＜0.05).Conclusion Evidence-based nursing has good application effect in rhGH treatment of short stature children, which is beneficial to improve insulin level, promote height growth, reduce complications and improve nursing satisfaction.