Objective To investigate the effect of laser photocoagulation in the treatment of fundus diseases. Methods A total of 88 patients with ocular fundus disease treated in People′s Hospital of Hechuan District from January 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. Control group received conventional treatment, experimental group received laser photocoagulation treatment. The total effective rate, total incidence of complications, macular retinal thickness, fovea volume and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total incidence of complications in experimental group was lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before surgery, there were no significant differences in retinal thickness and fovea volume in macular area between the two groups (P>0.05). After surgery, the macular retinal thickness and fovea volume in both groups were higher than those before surgery, and the macular retinal thickness and fovea volume in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significances (P<0.05). The recurrence rate of experimental group was lower than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The total effective rate of laser photocoagulation in the treatment of fundus diseases is significantly improved, the incidence of complications and recurrence rate are significantly reduced, and the indexes of macular retinal thickness and foveal volume can be improved. It is suitable for clinical implementation and development.