活血止痛汤联合中医康复治疗对骨折后早期肢体肿胀患者的应用效果观察
万长浩 万 钟
南昌市洪都中医院康复科,江西南昌 330008
[摘要]目的评价活血止痛汤联合中医康复治疗对骨折后早期肢体肿胀患者的应用效果。方法选择我院2015年3月~2016年9月收治的骨折后早期肢体肿胀患者80例,按随机数字法分为对照组、研究组,各40例。对照组接受甘露醇加中医康复治疗,研究组接受活血止痛汤加中医康复治疗。疗程结束后比较两组患者的疗效和满意度评分。结果治疗后,研究组的总有效率为95.00%,明显高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的满意度评分为(88.2±2.3)分,明显高于对照组的(71.3±1.3)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床治疗骨折后早期肢体肿胀可考虑给予活血止痛汤联合中医康复治疗,其效果突出,患者满意度高,值得临床应用和推广。
[关键词]骨折后肢体肿胀;活血止痛汤;中医康复;甘露醇
骨折患者早期阶段容易出现肢体肿胀,若不给予及时有效的治疗,会引发肢体肿胀,且持续时间较长,若得不到有效消除和缓解,会阻碍其静脉回流和动脉供血,对伤口愈合存在不利影响,导致伤口感染的可能性增大,严重者会引发骨髓炎等疾病[1-3]。祖国传统医学在治疗肢体肿胀上有独到经验,其关键在于化热以及确保患者体内气血通畅。若患者体内血脉畅通,就可及时消除残余淤血,同时快速平衡体内的水分分布[4-5]。本研究旨在分析活血止痛汤联合中医康复治疗对骨折后早期肢体肿胀患者的应用效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
从我院2015年3月~2016年9月收治的骨折后早期肢体肿胀患者中,抽取80例纳入研究,均符合《中药新药临床研究指导原则》[6]中关于骨折后肢体肿胀的入选标准:①存在明确性外伤史,接受X线片检查结果确诊为骨折后早期肢体肿胀;②无神经、血管损伤指征者;③患者均在伤后30 min内入院接受诊治。将患者按照随机数字法分为两组,每组40例。对照组:21例男性,19例女性;年龄为17~68岁,平均(34.2±1.1)岁;18 例上臂骨折,17 例肘关节骨折,5 例手指骨折。研究组:22例男性,18例女性;年龄为17~69 岁,平均(34.6±1.2)岁;17 例上臂骨折,17 例肘关节骨折,6例手指骨折。两组患者的性别、年龄、骨折类型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究经医院伦理委员会审核批准,所有患者均了解本研究目的,且签署知情同意书。
排除标准:①闭合性或开放性骨折合并血管、神经损伤者;②合并复合伤及颅脑损伤者;③心肾功能障碍者;④合并糖尿病、高血压疾病者;⑤患者未按医嘱服药,或资料不全、无法判断疗效者。
1.2 方法
对照组接受常规甘露醇治疗,术后给予抗生素避免发生感染,抬高患者患肢到合适位置,采取舒适卧位调理、休养,部分患者可接受冰敷。并在医生指导下口服止痛药,缓解疼痛。另外,各医护人员需给予肿胀肢体康复按摩,用拿、推、按等方式协助患肢进行被动性活动,并协助其进行必要性肢体活动。另外,给予针灸治疗,配以中频、电针、艾灸等治疗,针灸需由专业的医生操作。1个疗程为6 d。
研究组在常规治疗基础上再给予活血止痛汤(南昌市洪都中医院自制,批号20170507),剂量为500 ml,2剂/d,早晚各口服1次。处方组成:生黄芪25 g、当归10 g、桃仁 10 g、茯苓 10 g、郁金 10 g、蒲公英 10 g,甘草5 g。若患者肿胀位置为下肢,则加独活10 g、牛膝10 g,若肿胀部位为上肢,则加桂枝15 g、羌活15 g。1个疗程为6 d,治疗结束后评估疗效。
1.3 指标判定标准
治疗效果依据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》[6]分为显效、有效、无效。显效:治疗3 d,患肢肿胀全部消失,治疗前后肢体肿胀差值在0.2 cm内;有效:治疗3~6 d内肿胀有消退,但治疗前后肢体肿胀差值在0.3~0.8 cm;无效:以上标准均未达到,或病情有加重。总有效=显效+有效。
用骨折后早期肢体肿胀疾病满意度判定量表判定患者对本次治疗的满意度,分值为0~100分,评分越高表明患者病情越良好。
1.4 统计学方法
采用统计学软件SPSS 13.0分析数据,计量资料以均数±标准差(±s)表示,采用 t检验;计数资料以率表示,采用χ2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 两组治疗效果的比较
研究组的总有效率为95.00%,明显高于对照组的 80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表1)。
表1 两组治疗效果的比较[n(%)]
2.2 两组满意度评分的比较
研究组的满意度评分为(88.2±2.3)分,显著高于对照组的(71.3±1.3)分,差异有统计学意义(t=40.46,P<0.05)。
3 讨论
骨折早期较常见且容易发生的一个症状是肢体肿胀[7-8],肢体肿胀会对骨折术后恢复造成较大影响,阻碍静脉回流和动脉供血,无法为骨折位置提供所需的营养,所以会延长骨折愈合时间。以免肢体长时间肿胀对伤口愈合造成影响,造成伤口感染,需及时给予有效措施进行治疗[9-11]
祖国医学认为,人体发生骨折时,血、气、骨、筋、经络等多处均会受到损伤,受伤位置会积累瘀血,造成其静脉不畅,使身体中水分分布失去平衡,水分逐步汇聚在患者骨折位置,进而造成患肢发生肿胀[12-13]。而治疗肢体肿胀的关键为化热以及确保体内气血畅通,身体内血脉畅通,则可将残余瘀血及时消除,让体内水分快速恢复平衡。给予中医康复方式消除早期肢体肿胀症状,治疗的重点应为活血补气、利水消肿[8,14-15]。活血止痛汤方中黄芪可加强免疫力、补气、保肝、利尿等,蒲公英可利尿、消热祛毒,可协助消除肿胀,茯苓可利水、健脾,桃仁可活血化瘀,促进血脉通畅,并可协助消除累积淤血;当归可补血,并缓解患肢疼痛;辅以牛膝治疗,有利尿通淋,补肝肾的功效,还可强健筋骨。此研究中所使用的药方不仅可促进人体内血脉畅通,还可起到散毒清热的功效,促进肢体肿胀消退,对患者术后恢复有促进作用,确保生活质量。本文研究结果显示,研究组给予活血止痛汤后,总有效率(95.00%)明显高于对照组(80.00%)(P<0.05);同时,研究组的满意度评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。
综上所述,临床治疗骨折后早期肢体肿胀疾病可考虑给予活血止痛汤联合中医康复治疗,其见效速度快,效果突出,安全可靠,值得进一步应用和推广。
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Application effect observation of Huoxue Zhitong Decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation therapy in patients with limb swelling at early stage after fracture
WAN Chang-haoWAN Zhong
Department of Rehabilitation,Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330008,China
[Abstract]ObjectiveTo investigate application effect of Huoxue Zhitong Decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)rehabilitation therapy in patients with limb swelling at early stage after fracture.Methods80 patients with limb swelling at early stage after fracture treated in our hospital from March 2015 to September 2016 were selected.According to the random number method,those patients were divided into the control group (n=40)and the research group(n=40).The control group was given Mannitol and TCM rehabilitation therapy,while the research group was Huoxue Zhitong Decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation therapy.The curative effect and satisfaction degree score were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter treatments,the total effective rate of the research group was 95.00%,which was higher than that of the control group (80.00%),and the difference between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction degree score in the research group[(88.2±2.3)points]was statistically higher than that of the control group [(71.3±1.3)points],and the difference between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionClinical treatment of limb swelling at early stage after fracture can be considered to be given Huoxue Zhitong Decoction combined with TCM rehabilitation therapy,and its effect is outstanding,patients′satisfaction degree is high,it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
[Key words]Limb swelling after fracture;Huoxue Zhitong Decoction;Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation;Mannitol
[中图分类号]R683 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-4721(2017)11(c)-0108-03
[作者简介]万长浩(1991-),男,江西南昌人,本科,中医师,研究方向:骨科疾病的康复治疗
(收稿日期:2017-08-29 本文编辑:许俊琴)