四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛的效果分析
谭明琴
淄博矿业集团有限责任公司中心医院中医科,山东淄博 255100
[摘要]目的研究四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛的效果。方法选择2014年6月~2017年4月在淄博矿业集团有限责任公司中心医院就诊的74例变异性心绞痛患者,采用随机数字表法分为联合组和对照组,各37例。联合组接受四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗,对照组接受单硝酸异山梨酯治疗。治疗过程中,观察两组的心绞痛发作频率及持续时间,治疗后2周,检测两组的心功能指标及血清细胞因子含量。结果联合组的心绞痛发作频率显著少于对照组,每次发作的持续时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2周时,联合组的心功能指标CO、EF水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛能够减少心绞痛发作,改善心功能并抑制炎症反应。
[关键词]四逆汤;变异性心绞痛;心功能;炎症反应;细胞因子
变异性心绞痛是心绞痛的特殊类型,在安静状态下会出现心绞痛发作及心电图ST段抬高,会增加急性心肌梗死的发生风险[1-5]。单硝酸异山梨酯是治疗稳定型心绞痛的常用药物,能够有效扩张冠脉、增加心肌血流,但治疗变异性心绞痛的效果并不理想[6-7]。中医理论认为心绞痛属于“胸痹”的范畴,痰浊血瘀、正气亏虚是常见的病机。四逆汤出自张仲景的《伤寒杂病论》,具有化痰活血、回阳救逆的作用[8]。本研究旨在探讨四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛的效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2014年6月~2017年4月在淄博矿业集团有限责任公司中心医院中医科就诊的74例变异性心绞痛患者,所有患者均符合变异性心绞痛的诊断标准且取得知情同意,排除既往有心肌梗死病史的患者、合并感染性疾病的患者。采用随机数字表法将入选患者分为联合组和对照组,各37例。联合组中,男性22例,女性15 例;年龄 38~58 岁,平均(45.2±5.4)岁。对照组中,男性20 例,女性 17 例;年龄 36~59 岁,平均(45.9±5.7)岁。两组的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究经医院医学伦理委员会批准。
1.2 治疗方法
两组患者均给予单硝酸异山梨酯治疗,方法如下:20 mg单硝酸异山梨酯(宜昌三峡制药有限公司,批号:20135A83)稀释于200 ml生理盐水中,静脉滴注,连续治疗2周。联合组在上述治疗的基础上给予四逆汤加减治疗,方法如下:炙甘草6 g、干姜9 g、附子10 g、枳壳 10 g、陈皮 10 g、丹参 10 g、砂仁 6 g、葛根 30 g、玄胡 30 g、川楝子 10 g、瓜萎 30 g、薤白 10 g、桂枝 10 g,水煎服,每日1剂,分2次服用,连续治疗2周。
1.3 观察指标
1.3.1 临床情况观察 观察患者治疗过程中心绞痛发作的频率及每次发作的持续时间。
1.3.2 心功能指标 治疗后2周时,两组患者均采用GE公司的彩超仪(型号:Voluson E8)进行心脏彩色多普勒超声检查,检测心功能指标,具体包括心排出量(CO)、心脏射血分数(EF)。
1.3.3 血清指标检测 治疗后2周时,采集两组患者的肘静脉血,离心分离血清并采用上海西唐生物公司的酶联免疫吸附试剂盒测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α,货号 F14054)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6,货号 F14912)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1,货号F12503)的含量。
1.4 统计学方法
采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件对数据进行分析,计量资料以±s表示,采用t检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 两组临床情况的比较
联合组的心绞痛发作频率显著少于对照组,每次发作的持续时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表 1)。
表1 两组临床情况的比较(±s)
2.2 两组心功能指标的比较
治疗后2周时,联合组的心功能指标CO、EF水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表2)。
表2 两组心功能指标的比较(±s)
2.3 两组血清指标的比较
治疗后2周时,联合组血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表 3)。
表 3 两组血清指标的比较(pg/ml,±s)
3 讨论
四逆汤是具有化痰活血、回阳救逆作用的中药汤剂,能够针对心绞痛的中医病机发挥治疗作用。该方中附子具有回阳救逆、温肾暖脾的功效,干姜具有化痰滞及回阳通脉的功效,甘草能够和中益气,一方面缓附子、干姜之燥热,另一方面又助附子、干姜回阳救逆[9]。为了初步明确四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛的效果,本研究首先对临床症状进行观察,结果显示,联合组治疗后2周时的心绞痛发作频率显著少于对照组,每次发作的持续时间显著短于对照组,提示四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯能够较单硝酸异山梨酯单药治疗更为有效地减少心绞痛发作。心绞痛反复发作会加重心肌缺血,影响心脏泵血功能[10-11]。本研究对两组患者的心功能指标进行了分析,结果显示,联合组治疗后2周时的CO、EF水平均显著高于对照组,提示四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯能够较单硝酸异山梨酯单药治疗更为有效地改善心功能。
在冠心病心绞痛的病程进展过程中,炎症反应涉及冠状动脉粥样斑块形成及性质改变的各个环节[12-15]。TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1是介导炎症反应的重要细胞因子,TNF-α在炎症反应的早期发生改变,既能直接造成斑块性质改变,又能介导炎症反应级联激活[16-17];IL-6是具有多种生物学功能的细胞因子,参与炎症反应和免疫应答的调控[18-19];ICAM-1是一类黏附分子,介导炎症细胞在斑块内的浸润、聚集[20]。本研究通过分析血清中上述炎性因子的含量可知,联合组治疗后2周时血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均显著低于对照组,提示四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯能够较单硝酸异山梨酯单药治疗更为有效地抑制变异性心绞痛病程中的炎症反应,有利于稳定冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的性质。
综上所述,四逆汤联合单硝酸异山梨酯治疗变异性心绞痛能够减少心绞痛发作,改善心功能并抑制炎症反应。
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Effect analysis of Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate in the treatment of variant angina pectoris
TAN Ming-qin
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Central Hospital of Zibo Mining Group Co.,LTD.,Shandong Province,Zibo 255100,China
[Abstract]ObjectiveTo study the efficacy of Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate in the treatment of variant angina pectoris.Methods74 patients with variant angina pectoris in the Central Hospital of Zibo Mining Group Co.,LTD.from June 2014 to April 2017 were selected and divided into the combination group and the control group by random number table method,37 cases in each group.The combination group was treated with Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate,the control group was treated with Isosorbide Mononitrate.During the course of treatment,the frequency and duration of angina pectoris in the two groups were observed.2 weeks after treatment,cardiac function indexes and serum cytokines were determined in the two groups.ResultsThe frequency of angina pectoris in the combined group was significantly less than that in the control group and the duration of each attack in the combined group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,cardiac function indexes CO,EF of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the control group,with significant difference(P<0.05);serum tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)contents in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with significant difference(P<0.05).ConclusionSini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate in the treatment of variant angina pectoris can reduce angina pectoris,improve heart function and inhibit inflammatory reaction.
[Key words]Sini Decoction;Variant angina pectoris;Heart function;Inflammatory reaction;Cytokine
[中图分类号]R541.4
[文献标识码]A
[文章编号]1674-4721(2017)10(b)-0121-03
[作者简介]谭明琴(1982-),女,山东淄博人,本科,主治医师,专业擅长:中西医结合治疗胸痹、心悸、胃痛、痞满、腹痛、眩晕、头痛等多种内科疾病
(收稿日期:2017-06-09 本文编辑:祁海文)